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第二步：练习与进步
A。 翻译
1。 她种植了各种不同类型的珍贵花卉，更不用说是玫瑰和茉莉花了。
2。 不能花太短的时间来完成关系一生的大事。
3。 说实在话，他二十年前没能接受到正规学校教育。
4。 中国超过日本二十倍大的面积。
5。 她肯定在做白日梦，看起来她的心思好像在千里的地方。
6。 不知道是由于我太以自我为中心或是太孤僻，以致总是无法和我所认识的人成为坦诚相交的朋友。
7。 一般来说，在我们太空时代的幼年期，人类对太空的探索，就是靠其想象力。
8。 他大意是说：“同样一个象征符号不同的文化中却有着不同的含意”。
9。 东京的人口是日本人口的十分之一。
10。 他的年龄是我的三倍。
【参考答案】
1。 She raised quite different kinds of precious flowers to say nothing of roses and jasmine。
2。 Take not too short a time to do well something that will influence you all through your life。
3。 To tell the truth； he did not receive a normal education twenty years ago。
4。 The land area of China is more than twenty times larger than that of Japan。
5。 Her head was certainly in the clouds： she looked like her mind was a thousand miles away。
6。 I’m either too self…centered or too reserved to be on confidential terms with anyone I know at all well。
7。 In the early years of our space age； generally speaking； man’s exploits in space relied upon his imagination。
8。 He speaks to the effect that the same symbol can carry different implications in different cultures。
9。 The population of Tokyo is one…tenth of Japan’s as a whole。
10。 He is three times as old as me。
B。 改错
1。 He is three times old as me。
2。 The exhibition this time attracted two as many visitors as the last time。
3。 The question was enough complicated for me to answer。
4。 He walked very fast for me to follow him。
5。 Tell the truth； I can only lend you 500 yuan。
6。 To be frank at you； he tried his best。
7。 You want to be the champion？ I think you are crying into the moon。
8。 He has much experience； to say everything of knowledge。
9。 She is pretty； nothing to say of her humor。
10。 To tell truth； he is an honest man and can work well under pressure。
【参考答案】
1。 old前加as 2。 two―twice 3。 enough―too 4。 very―too
5。 Tell―To tell 6。 at―with 7。 into―at 8。 everything―nothing
9。 nothing to say―to say nothing 10。 truth―the truth
第三步：伟人伟招
1。 授人以渔式
In education we are striving not to teach youth to make a living； but to make a life。（W。 A。 White）
教育不是为了教会青年人谋生，而是教会他们创造生活。（怀特）
【点评】该结构可以用来代替trying to，令你的文章更富魅力。
2。 热血青年式
I would rather see a young man blush than turn pale。 （M。 P。 Cato ）
我宁可看到青年人脸红，也不愿看到他脸色变得苍白。（加图）
【点评】would rather…than…（宁可…，也不…句）型。
3。 言论自由式
I disapprove of what you say； but I will defend to the death your right to say it。 （Voltaire）
我不同意你说的话，但我愿意誓死捍卫你说话的权利。（伏尔泰）
【点评】I disapprove of…； but I will… 表示不同意某一观点，然后给自己留下余地。
看到各位大师的作品后，长江后浪推前浪，我们再加强学习10个简单实用的句型。
① Leave much to be desired（令人不满意）
The condition of our traffic leaves much to be desired。
我们的交通状况令人不满意。
② Have a great influence on…（对…有很大的影响）
Smoking has a great influence on our health。 抽烟对我们的健康有很大的影响。
③ do good to（对…有益），do harm to（对…有害）
Reading does good to our mind。 读书对心灵有益。
Overworking does harm to one’s health。 工作过度对健康有害。
④ Pose a great threat to…（对…造成一大威胁）
Pollution poses a great threat to our existence。 污染对我们的生存造成一大威胁。
⑤ do one’s utmost to ＋ V。 = do one’s best（尽全力去…）
We should do our utmost to achieve our goal in life。
我们应尽全力去达成我们的人生目标。
⑥ It pays to ＋ V。…（…是值得的）
It pays to help others。 帮助别人是值得的。
⑦ be based on（以…为基础）
The progress of society is based on harmony。
社会的进步是以和谐为基础的。
⑧ Spare no effort to ＋ V。（不遗余力地）
We should spare no effort to beautify our environment。
我们应该不遗余力地美化我们的环境。
⑨ bring home to ＋ 人 ＋ 事（让…明白…事）
We should bring home to people the value of working hard。
我们应该让人们明白努力的价值。
⑩ be closely related to…（与…息息相关）
Exercising is closely related to health。 做运动与健康息息相关。
第四步：实践与提高
补充练习：将下列句子翻成汉语，注意总结句子结构。
1。 Moreover； both common sense and our experiences with children inform us that people tend to mimic the language and behavior they are exposed to。
2。 Those who advocate unbridled individual expression might point out that the right of free speech is intrinsic to a democracy and necessary to its survival。
3。 The suggested reason for buying the car is obvious： it is the intelligent choice。
4。 The lesson here is that advertising； in itself； probably will not achieve as great of an importance as art。
5。 Common sense tells us that a photographer can sucomeed by working in media。
UNIT 1 基本技能篇（15天）Day 11 记叙文的思路与练习
记叙文的思路与练习
记叙文是以叙述人物的经历和事物的发展变化过程为主要表现形式的一种文体。记叙文既可以以写人为主，又可以以写事为主。写记叙文要注意记叙文的“六大要素”即：
时间（When）—— 何时发生，有没有具体时间？
地点（Where）—— 何地发生，有没有地点变化？
人物（Who）—— 何人参与，谁是主角？
事件（What）—— 发生了什么，有何特点？
原因（Why）—— 事件的起因？
结果（How）—— 事件的经过及结局？
一般说来，在一篇记叙文中这六大要素是缺一不可的。
记叙文的思路就围绕这六大要素充分展开。
【例】四级考试中，只出现过一次专门的记叙文体裁的写作，即“An Early Morning Walk”（1988。6。），2003年6月出现过包含记叙文的作文，即“An Eye…Witness Acomount of a Traffic Acomident”。
对于“An Early Morning Walk”，知道命题要求后，我们就要开始构思了。
When：题目已规定了是“清晨”，在这个时候，“我”去散步。
Where：到哪儿散步？去公园？在校园里？在街上（街上空气不好，还是不去！）。
Who：在公园里看到晨练的人：中老年人、年轻人、小孩子；在校园里看到读书背单词的学生。
What：人们热火朝天地做操，随音乐跳舞，打球，等等。
Why：清晨空气清新，适合锻炼；一日之际在于晨，背背书，读读单词。
当然，由这个题目可以令人想到很多东西，因篇幅所限，我们做了删减。
参考范文
An Early Morning Walk
One morning I got up very early； and everything around was very quiet。 The sun had just risen； shining brilliantly and everything seemed to be covered with a layer of golden silk。 There were only some birds singing ocomasionally in the tall trees。 I strolled along the street toward the park； breathing the fresh air and feeling extremely happy。
When I arrived at the park； I found； to my surprise； that there were so many people there。 Men and women； boys and girls； all were enjoying themselves in their various activities。 Some were doing morning exercises； some were playing badminton and some old people were having their tea while talking to each other cheerfully。
I wandered around the park。 To my delight； I found a few middle…school students talking to each other in English in one corner of the park。 I went up and spoke to them in English。 We soon became friends。 I was very glad to find another opportunity to practice my spoken English。 On the way home； I realized that an early morning walk really was good and healthful。 Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise。
【点评】文章按照时间顺序（in chronological order），第一句话点明时间（One morning）、人物（第一人称“I”），并简要描述了早晨的特点（What was the setting），接着第二段第一句话交代地点（in the park），然后介绍公园里人们及作者的活动（What was happening），最后在文章结尾点题，即，归纳中心思想——Taking early morning walks makes one healthy and wise。 仅仅189个单词既满足了记叙文的“六大要素”，又有明确的中心思想和生动的细节，行文方式符合要求。
1。 以“A Most Unlucky Day”为题，想想该怎么写。注意：题目的中心词是“unlucky”。
When：
Where：
Who：
What：
Why：
How：
参考思路
When：哪一天是最倒霉的日子？考前的晚上？公布成绩的日子？周末？
Where：在大街上违章停车？在学校？在商场？在经常光顾的地方——食堂、餐厅、麦当劳、图书馆、溜冰场、投影厅？
Who：是我倒霉？是好友？你？那个蛋白质室友？
What：拿到罚单？上课上班迟到？失恋？被窃？四级没过？
Why：倒霉嘛，无非是运气不好，睡过头了、态度恶劣、偷懒、不刻苦…
How：一团糟，挨批，心情极度沮丧，不过也无所谓嘛…
想完之后，我们再花点儿功夫将关联的东东挑出来，别忘了本文的中心是“unlucky”。
根据自己的思路，写一篇文章：
参考范文
A Most Unlucky Day
I had a streak of tough luck yesterday。 Everything； it seemed to me； went wrong。 And I simply couldn’t understand why all the bad things happened to me in one single day。
In the morning； as luck would have it； my alarm clock didn’t ring； and with an aching head I woke up half an hour later than usual。 I was in such a hurry that； when making an omelet； I got my fingers burnt and splashed the omelet all over the floor of the kitchen。
Having no time for my breakfast at that point； I rushed out of my house with an empty stomach and hurting fingers。 I had intended to catch the 7：30 subway； but somehow I couldn’t make it。 I became very nervous at the mere thought of being late for my English class； because my English teacher is very strict and demanding； and he gets angry whenever any student is late for his class。
After getting off the 7：40 subway； I raced all the way from the station to my school； thinking it would be impossible for me to flag a taxi at this hour of the day。 At the corner of the street near my school； I abruptly bumped into a man and； worse luck； broke the glasses I had bought for 500 yuan just last week。 With scarcely any time to receive or offer an apology； I just kept on running and running。 At long last； I arrived at the school only to find； with great sadness mixed with some relief； that the school was empty and the classrooms were all locked。 It was Saturday。
My ill luck showed no sign of coming to an end。 When I returned home greatly frustrated； I found myself locked out。 In my hurry I had forgotten to bring the key with me。 Just my luck！
【点评】这篇文章按照时间顺序一气呵成。文章的标题、第一句和最后一句都点出了中心思想：“I had a most unlucky day”。故事从作者醒来开始，在慌慌张张中煎蛋卷、赶地铁、急奔学校、撞破眼镜、发现白忙乎了一场，最后猛然清醒——匆忙之中忘了钥匙！整个故事描述得精彩生动，既有动作的细节又有作者内心的感受，让读者也身临其境地体会了倒霉的一天。
A： 根据以下提示叙述一场交通事故：1）用第一人称；2）短语提示：drive home at about 30 kilometers an hour；it was dark；a small girl chased a dog；not hit her but hit a car in the other direction3）写出作者对此交通意外的感想。
参考范文
Last night I was driving home from work。 I had an acomident。 I was following behind a truck； driving at about 30 kilometers an hour。 I was watching the traffic carefully because it was getting dark。
Suddenly a small girl ran onto the road from the left。 She was chasing a dog and she wasn’t paying any attention to the traffic。 I immediately applied the brakes and turned the steering wheel quickly to the right。
The girl jumped towards the side of the road as soon as she saw my car。 Fortunately I did not hit her； but I hit a car coming in the other direction。 Luckily I was not driving very fast so the damage was not serious。 It is better to damage a car than to injure a young child； I thought to myself。
B： 以第一人称写一篇记叙文，讲述在旅行中经历的一件小事。
参考范文
Go on a Mediterranean Journey
My wife and I have always enjoyed traveling by sea，and last year we decided to go on a Mediterranean journey。 Although our holiday was rather expensive we thought that the high standard of acomommodation； the first…class food and the many interesting places we saw were well worth the price we paid。
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