友情提示:如果本网页打开太慢或显示不完整,请尝试鼠标右键“刷新”本网页!阅读过程发现任何错误请告诉我们,谢谢!! 报告错误
86读书 返回本书目录 我的书架 我的书签 TXT全本下载 进入书吧 加入书签

制高点-第21章

按键盘上方向键 ← 或 → 可快速上下翻页,按键盘上的 Enter 键可回到本书目录页,按键盘上方向键 ↑ 可回到本页顶部!
————未阅读完?加入书签已便下次继续阅读!



  比尔克林顿:关于北美自由贸易协定的辩论的主要内容有:我们是否应该接纳这些变化并创造未来的工作机会,后者试图抗拒这些变化并希望我们能够保留过去的经济结构。在这伟大的国会山,我们无论做什么也改变不了这个事实——人们能在我们的眼皮子底下移动资金,我可以告诉你们,我的美国同胞,如果我们能从柏林墙的倒塌、东欧政府的崩溃中吸取任何教训的话,那就是:即使是一个被完全控制的社会也无法抗拒变化的风潮——经济、技术和信息的流动已经对我们所在的世界产生了影响。
  NARRATOR: To some of his supporters; the president's change of heart on NAFTA was nothing less than a sellout。
  旁白:对于他的一些支持者来说,总统在北美自由贸易协定问题上立场的变化无异于一场背叛。
  THEA LEE; Assistant Director for International Economics; AFL…CIO: The AFL…CIO; the labor movement in the United States; opposed NAFTA as it stood because we saw that as a corporate…dominated trade and investment agreement; one that served the interests of multinational corporations; that improved their flexibility; their mobility; their clout。 And at the same time NAFTA did nothing to protect the rights of workers to form unions; to bargain collectively; and to really raise their voices in the political system so that workers could be formidable countervailing power to multinational corporations。 I think Clinton did sell out his traditional blue…collar supporters on the NAFTA issue; and a lot of people haven't forgiven him for that。
  THEA LEE; 国际经济组织的助理总监; AFL…CIO:AFL…CIO——美国劳工运动——反对北美自由贸易协定,因为我们认为:这是一个以公司为导向的贸易和投资协定,完全服务于跨国公司的利益,提高了它们的灵活性、流动性和影响。而同时,北美自由贸易协定没有任何内容来保护工人组织工会、集体谈判的权利,也不能真正提高工人在政治体系中的声音,因为如果那样,工人的力量就会非常强大,足以和跨国公司抗衡。我认为,在这个问题上,克林顿没有出卖传统的蓝领工人支持者,而许多人们不能原谅这一点。
  BILL CLINTON: Our adversaries tried to make it look like the whole American establishment's on one side and the little guys are on the other。 And they could; you know; stir that fear factor; and it was a tough sell。 It was a tough sell。
  比尔克林顿:我们的敌人试图使所有美国的成就看起来在一个方面,而那些小家伙则站在另外一面,你知道,这样他们就能激起令人恐惧的因素。这是一次艰难的背叛。
  NEWT GINGRICH; Speaker;  House of Representatives; 1995…1999: I thought it was the most of courageous act of his presidency; and we worked with him very hard。 The Republicans in the House provided a much bigger percentage of the votes than the Democrats did。
  NEWT GINGRICH; 发言人; 美国下议院,1995…1999: 我认为,这是在他总统任期期间最勇敢的举动,和他一起做工作,我们也非常困难,因为议院中的共和党的投票权远远超过民主党。
  NARRATOR: Sixty percent of congressional Democrats voted against NAFTA。 It passed only with Republican support。
  旁白:有60%的议会民主党人士投票反对北美自由贸易协定,由于共和党的支持才得以通过。
  

Chapter 4: Crossing Borders '3:30'
第四章: 跨越国界
  Onscreen caption: Tijuana; Mexico
  字幕标题:Tijuana,墨西哥
  After NAFTA became law; thousands of foreign panies built factories in Northern Mexico; exporting goods to the American market just a few miles away。 Eighty percent of all televisions sold in the 
  在北美自由贸易协定成为法律之后,数以千计的外国公司在墨西哥北部设立工厂,将产品出口到数英里以外的美国市场,在美国销售的电视机中有80%来自这个地区。在墨西哥北部边界地区,有将近一百万工人找到了新的工作。
  MARIA ISABEL; Factory Worker; Tijuana; Mexico: I have two children。 In the South I didn't have a job and couldn't give my children what they need。 I left them behind with relatives and came here to find work。 I found a job in a television factory。 I earn enough to send some money home to my children。 I couldn't do that before。
  MARIA ISABEL; 工厂工人; Tijuana; 墨西哥:我有两个孩子。在南部,我没有工作,不能给我的孩子提供他们需要的东西,我将他们托付给亲戚,来到这里找工作。我在一家电视机厂里找到了一份工作,我挣到了足够的钱寄给我的孩子,在以前,我可没有这个能力。
  JORGE CASTANEDA; Foreign Minister of Mexico: This is a country of about over 100 million people。 There is no question that those 10 to 12 million people who live in the North and the border area are not doing badly by Mexican standards。 And it has bee more industrialized; with more jobs; higher wages; better social indicators; etc。 The North has benefited undoubtedly。 The people in the South are doing very badly by Mexican; or by anybody's; standards。
  JORGE CASTANEDA; 墨西哥外交部长:这个国家拥有1亿人口,根据墨西哥的标准,居住在北部和边界地区的一千到一千二百万人口过的并不是很糟糕。这个地区已经变的更加工业化,有更多的工作机会,更高的薪酬水平,社会指数也有所好转。毫无疑问,北部地区受益非浅。而无论用墨西哥的标准还是其他任何人的标准来判断,南部地区的生活状况十分糟糕。
  NARRATOR: Forty percent of Mexico's population lives in poverty。 Mexico's embrace of NAFTA and free trade was part of a broader change in thinking within developing countries。 Their governments increasingly saw open markets as the key to economic growth。
  旁白:有40%的墨西哥人口生活在贫困之中,墨西哥加入北美自由贸易协定是发展中国家思维方式广泛变化的一部分。他们的政府日益意识到,开放市场是经济增长的关键因素。
  VICENTE FOX; President of Mexico: I worked 15 years for Coca…Cola。 I started as a route salesman。 I started right from the bottom。 And I learned that discipline; that hard work; that talent is the way to succeed。 I have always seen globalization as an opportunity。 Just the trade agreement with the United States has moved our total trading; which was six years ago US40 billion; today is US280 billion in just six years。 Nobody loses。 Everybody can win。
  VICENTE FOX,墨西哥总统:我曾为可口可乐公司工作过15年之久,开始时我做是路边销售的,从最基层做起,我学习到了这个信条:努力工作和天分是通往成功的道路。我一直将全球化看作一个机遇。和美国之间的贸易协定使我们的贸易总额从6年之前的400亿美元增加到了今天的2800亿美元。没有人受到什么损失,每个人都可以获益。
  THEA LEE: Obviously trade has increased; investment has increased。 And if the only metric you use to measure whether NAFTA has been a success or not is the volume of trade; then NAFTA is tremendously successful。 And yet most normal working people; most normal citizens don't watch the volume of trade。 panies have been more aggressive and threatening to move production to Mexico。 They've succeeded in bargaining down wages and opposing unions。 And so in a lot of different fronts we think that NAFTA has shifted the balance of bargaining power in the continent of North America towards multinational corporations。
  THEA LEE:很明显,贸易已经增加了,投资也增加了。如果用来衡量北美自由贸易协定的唯一标准是贸易的化,那么它毫无疑问是极其成功的。但是,绝大部分劳动者和普通公民并不观察贸易额。公司越来越积极地和具有威胁性地把生产转移到墨西哥去。在降低薪水和反对工会的谈判中,他们已经取得了成功。因此,在很多不同的层面上,我们认为北美自由贸易协定已经把谈判力量的平衡从北美大陆转移到了跨国公司。
  NARRATOR: Since NAFTA came into effect; about 400;000 American jobs have been ";adversely affected"; by trade with Canada and Mexico; according to the ; and over the '90s; global trade nearly doubled。
  旁白:根据美国政府的报告,自从北美自由贸易协定生效以来,大约有400,000名美国人的工作受到了与加拿大和墨西哥之间贸易的“负面影响”,对这些地区的出口已经创造了超过一百万份的新工作机会,在整个90年代,全球贸易几乎增长了一倍。
   。 想看书来

Chapter 5: The Global Market '3:48'
第五章 全球市场
  NARRATOR: We tend to think of trade as products and goods moving across borders。 In fact; the biggest trade of all can't be seen。 It is money; the continuous; 24…hour worldwide flows of stocks; bonds; and currencies。 In the 1990s; practically anyone with savings in a pension or mutual fund became an investor in the global market。
  旁白:我们倾向于认为贸易就是产品和货物在国家之间流动。而事实上,最大的贸易我们是看不见的——就是金钱——24小时、全球范围的股票、债券和货币的流动。在20世纪90年代,几乎所有在退休基金和互助基金中有所储蓄的人都成为全球市场投资者。
  Onscreen caption: Trade in goods and services: 8 trillion
  Trade in currencies: 288 trillion
  字幕:商品和服务贸易额:8万亿美元
  货币贸易:288万亿美元
  DANIEL YERGIN: I was at a dinner; a so…called thinkers' dinner at the White House before one of the State of the Union addresses; and there's this great discussion among all the people around the table about markets; about ";them out there;"; that it's somebody different。 Finally I raised my hand and said: ";With all due respect; the market isn't just them; it's us。 It's our aggregated retirement savings; it's our pension plans。 That's what the markets are。";
  DANIEL YERGIN:在一次国情咨文报告之前,我参加了白宫的一个宴会——一个所谓思想家的宴会,所有在场的人都在热烈讨论有关市场的问题,关于“他们到了哪里”,以及某个市场有极大不同,等等。最终,我举起手:“我很庄重认为,市场不仅仅和所谓“他们”有关,市场就是“我们”,是我们所有的退休基金,是我们的养老计划,这才是我们的市场。
  Onscreen caption: Sacramento; California
  字幕:Sacramento; 加利福尼亚
  NARRATOR: The state of California runs one of America's largest pension funds。 The fund; known as CalPERS; manages the retirement savings of over a million state employees。
  旁白:加州管理着美国最大的退休基金,这个名为CalPERS的基金管理着超过一百万本州员工的退休储蓄金。
  Onscreen caption: CalPERS
  California Public Employees' Retirement System
  Assets: 150 billion
  字幕:CalPERS
  加利福尼亚公共雇员退休系统
  资产:1500亿美元
  For decades; CalPERS invested only in America。 But in the era of globalization; that changed。 A quarter of its money was invested overseas。 At one point; CalPERS controlled 5 percent of France's entire stock market。
  数十年以来,CalPERS只在美国进行投资。但是在全球化的时代里,这种情况发生了变化,有四分之一的钱在海外进行投资,CalPERS曾一度控制了法国股票市场总市值的5%。
  French television sent a crew to investigate。
  法国电视台曾派出小组对此进行调查。
  MARY COTTRILL; Principal Investment Officer; CalPERS: They were filming in my office; and I had a salad on my desk because it'd been just a very hectic day。 We were talking about some figures on my puter; but they kept filming this salad; and I got the feeling that; you know; the story was going to be; ";The Americans are ing; and they're going to ruin the French way of life。 We're all going to be eating salads at our desk and working 12 or 14 hours;"; which; of course; is not true at all。 But I think it was just a fear; I think; that we've see in the news that globalization means Americanization。
  MARY COTTRILL; 主要投资官员; CalPERS: 他们在我的办公室里进行拍摄,我的桌上有沙拉,因为当天非常忙碌。我们在谈论电脑里的一些数据,而他们却不停地拍摄我的沙拉。我感觉到——你也知道——故事将是这样的:“美国人来了,他们将要破坏法国的生活方式,我们都要在办公桌上吃沙拉,并每天工作12…14个小时”, 当然,这些报道根本不真实。但是我想我只是害怕——新闻里把全球化成为美国化。
  NARRATOR: Pension funds became the powerhouses of the global economy because they had the money。
  旁白:退休基金成为全球经济的动力源泉,因为它们拥有资金。
  BILL CRIST; President; CalPERS: Because the world is getting smaller and smaller; as we say; and the growth of the global economy; as we say; this is。。。 The real source of change in today's world; whether anybody likes it or not; increasingly are large pension funds。
  BILL CRIST; CalPERS总裁:以为世界正变的越来越小,正如我们所说的那样,全球经济的增长,象我们所说的,这是……今天,巨大的退休基金越来越成为世界变化的真正源泉——不管人们喜欢还是不喜欢。
  Onscreen caption: Americans have 
  字幕:美国有万亿的资金投资在退休基金。
  INVESTOR: I have some of my own mutual funds overseas; and they seem to be doing pretty well right now。
  投资者:我在海外拥有自己的互助基金,现在,它们看起来表现良好。
  INVESTOR: I think with respect to CalPERS; they have a fiduciary responsibility to seek those markets out and get the best return for their shareholders。
  投资者:我认为,CalPERS负有信托责任,要寻找这样的市场,为它们的股东获取最大的收益。
  INVESTOR: We can't keep everything in the United States。 You keep things in the United States; it's still not in the United States; because so many panies are global。 Everything is global; everything is interconnected。
  投资者:我们不能把所有的钱都在美国进行投资。即使你把钱投在美国,其实钱还没有完全在美国国内,因为很多公司都是全球性的。所有的一切都是全球性的,相互联系的。
  

Chapter 6: Emerging Market Hunters '5:01'
第六章:新兴市场的猎寻猎者
  NARRATOR: With the end of the Cold War; many nations opened their markets to foreign investment for the first time。 Funds like CalPERS saw new opportunities and hired money managers to scour the Third World; now renamed ";emerging markets。";
  旁白:随着冷战的结束,许多国家首次对外国投资开放了他们的市场,象CalPERS一样的基金看到了新的机遇,纷纷招募基金经理来扫荡第三世界——现在被成为“新兴市场”。
  Onscreen caption: Mark Mobius
  Templeton Emerging Markets Fund
  Travels to 15 countries per month
  Manages 6 billion
  字幕: Mark Mobius
  Templeton新兴市场基金
  每月要去15个国家
  管理 60 亿美元
  MARK MOBIUS; Manager; Templeton Emerging Markets Fund: The whole rationale is that these emerging countries grow faster; so wh
返回目录 上一页 下一页 回到顶部 0 0
未阅读完?加入书签已便下次继续阅读!
温馨提示: 温看小说的同时发表评论,说出自己的看法和其它小伙伴们分享也不错哦!发表书评还可以获得积分和经验奖励,认真写原创书评 被采纳为精评可以获得大量金币、积分和经验奖励哦!